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吵翻了!《满江红》的英文译名:Full River Red

近日,春节档电影《满江红》热映,累计票房超28亿,成为中国影史春节档剧情片票房冠军。

电影的英文译名是Full River Red,在网络上引发了广泛讨论。

电影《满江红》由张艺谋导演,沈腾、易烊千玺、张译主演,讲述南宋绍兴年间,岳飞死后4年,秦桧率兵与金国会谈。会谈前夜,金国使者死在宰相驻地,所携密信也不翼而飞。小兵张大(沈腾饰)与亲兵营副统领孙均(易烊千玺饰)机缘巧合被裹挟进这巨大阴谋之中……

Ticket sales from director Zhang Yimou's historical thriller Full River Red topped the Spring Festival's box office charts with takings of more than 2.8 billion yuan. The name Full River Red comes from a poem by Yue Fei, a military general who lived during the Southern Song Dynasty (1127-1279) in which the film is set, and was well-known for his patriotism and loyalty to his country.

影片即将结束之际,一整首岳飞的《满江红·写怀》,字字句句刻在了观众的心中。

“满江红”应该怎么翻译?

该影片的英文译名Full River Red,乍一看像是“满、江、红”对应的逐字翻译。不少网友认为其太过直白,容易让英语国家的人们不知所云。

但也有网友指出,在许多汉学家的作品中,“满江红”都被译为Full River Red

知乎网友@羊君医学翻译笔记 提到,美籍华人汉学家罗郁正的作品K'uei Hsing: A Repository of Asian Literature in Translation中,对“满江红”的翻译就采用了Full River Red

近年来致力于宋代社会文化史研究的美国华盛顿大学教授伊佩霞 (Patricia Buckley Ebrey) 也曾翻译过岳飞的《满江红》,用的就是Full River Red

还有网友建议影片的英文译名直接使用汉语拼音,更有利于弘扬中华文化。

在外交部某次例行记者会的英文实录中,“满江红”就直接采用了拼音:

At a recent press conference on the situation in Hong Kong, Spokesperson Yang Guang of the State Council Hong Kong and Macao Affairs Office quotedMan Jiang Hong(a classical Chinese poem) composed by Chairman Mao Zedong in 1963.

我记得前不久,国务院港澳办新闻发言人杨光在关于香港当前局势看法新闻发布会上,曾援引毛泽东主席1963年所作《满江红》的几句词。

那么,“满江红”还可以怎么翻译呢?

在新华社的一篇英文报道中,“满江红”被译为Red All over the River

It was in Almaty that Xian composed his famous works Liberation of the Nation, Sacred War andRed All over the River.

在阿拉木图,冼星海创作了《民族解放》、《神圣之战》、《满江红》等著名音乐作品。

许渊冲先生在翻译“满江红”这一词牌名时,用了The River All Red。让我们来欣赏一下许老的译作:

《满江红·写怀》

The River All Red

岳飞 (许渊冲 译)

怒发冲冠,凭栏处、潇潇雨歇。抬望眼、仰天长啸,壮怀激烈。三十功名尘与土, 八千里路云和月。莫等闲、白了少年头,空悲切!

Wrath sets on end my hair;

I lean on railings where

I see the drizzling rain has ceased.

Raising my eyes

Towards the skies,

I heave long sighs,

My wrath not yet appeased.

To dust is gone the fame achieved in thirty years;

Like cloud-veiled moon the thousand-mile Plain disappears.

Should youthful heads in vain turn grey,

We would regret for aye.

靖康耻,犹未雪。臣子恨,何时灭?驾长车踏破,贺兰山缺。壮志饥餐胡虏肉, 笑谈渴饮匈奴血。待从头、收拾旧山河,朝天阙。

Lost our capitals,

What a burning shame!

How can we generals

Quench our vengeful flame!

Driving our chariots of war, we’d go

To break through our relentless foe.

Valiantly we’d cut off each head;

Laughing, we’d drink the blood they shed.

When we’ve reconquered our lost land,

In triumph would return our army grand.

除了许老之外,岳飞作品中“满江红”的英文翻译还有不少版本:

Manjianghong (徐忠杰 译)

Man Chiang Hung(王季文 译)

Avenging an Insult (张炳星 译)

The River Runs Red (何中坚 译)

Manjianghong · Vengeance (冯志杰 译)

The River All Red (卓振英 译)

电影的片名翻译从来不是一件容易的事。它就像是电影面向海外受众的一双眼睛,是流光溢彩还是黯淡庸常,关键在于片方是否用心去寻找那座横跨东西方文化背景的桥梁。

你心目中“满江红”的最佳翻译是什么?

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