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网友来稿：再谈加拿大非法移民问题
正如童安格一首歌中所唱，很多人怀着对新大陆的憧憬，背井离乡，冒着狂风巨浪，靠航在异国他乡。他们在陌生土地上低着头流着汗，用自己的劳动一步步实现自己对自由幸福新生活的梦想。即使这样，有些人仍不被这个国家接纳，随时面临被驱逐的命运。
葡籍非法移民遭遣返
根据加拿大国家安全局（CSIS）统计，每年有20,000到30,000人在加拿大境内申报难民保护。这些人中，有通过合法手续来到加国的，也有通过其他途径冒着风险投奔这块土地的。
比如这次遣返的一些葡萄牙籍的非法移民，他们多是通过合法途径来加探亲访友，然后非法居留工作。其中有些人在这里居住了7、8年之久，有些人还买了房子。因为葡萄牙人来往加拿大不需要签证，他们有更多的机会来到加国。但即使是合法来到加拿大，没有移民局的工作许可（Work Permit），也不能工作。由于缺乏其他移民途径和手段，尤其是面临被遣返的危险时，他们往往会申请政治避难和人道主义同情以期合法移民加拿大。
另外，还有些人是非法进入然后直接申请难民保护。这在我们华人难民申请人中很普遍。值得注意的是，加拿大移民法并不追究这些申请人的法律责任，但会对那些为了盈利目的而走私人口的蛇头进行严厉惩罚，比如说巨额罚款和终生监禁。
加拿大难民申请制度和遣返令
应当说加拿大的移民法对难民和要求保护申请人是很宽松和富有同情心的。申请人向境内的移民局部门提出申请后，可以获准工作及学习，还可以得到生活补助金、免费医疗（包括看牙医、配眼镜等）。另外，难民申请人可以完全由政府资助(Legal Aid)聘请律师帮助其上庭、上诉。加拿大移民局统计资料表明，每年大约有50%的境内难民申请人或申请保护者获准合法申请移民。加上政府及私人团体担保的难民及其家属，在过去10年里，每年有近3万人以此种方式合法移民加拿大。
自2001年11月起, 受9.11的影响, 加拿大政府要求所有难民申请人接受背景调查 (Refugee Claimant Screening)。主要是在加拿大国家安全局（CSIS）和皇家骑警 (RCMP)的档案中调查该申请人是否有恐怖活动或严重犯罪行为.
如果难民申请人是通过非法途径进入加拿大，移民局会照惯例立即给申请人发布一个离境令（Departure Order）。这个命令要求当事人在30天之内离开加拿大，否则，离境令会转变为驱逐令(Deportation Order)。但是，只要当事人在规定的时间内提交难民申请，离境令会被暂停，直到申请有结果。还有一种指令是排阻令(Exclusion Order)。这三种由移民局派发的指令统称为遣送令(Removal Order)，对象可以是所有类别的移民申请人。接到离境令离开加拿大的人，可以在以后的任何时候合法来到加拿大。排阻令的接收者在离开加拿大一年内要回来，必须得到移民部长的批准。如果排阻令是因为申报移民时弄虚作假(Misrepresentation)而导致，当事人必须得到移民部长的批准才能在离开加拿大两年内回来。驱逐令最为严厉，其规定当事人如果想在以后的任何时候回来，都必须得到移民部长的批准。
为什么葡萄牙裔的难民申请人没有被批准？主要原因是葡萄牙是一个民主国家，在加拿大政府眼中，不存在政治迫害或人身危险。难民申请时应该加倍细心准备个人情况表（PIF），因为这是加拿大难民保护处(RPD)最为关心的资料，也是难民申请成功的关键。这个情况表应当阐明申请难民的原因，包括种族、信仰、民族、政治团体或特殊社会团体成员等因素。如果是申请保护，则需要说明申请人的生命受到威胁或面临残酷的处置或惩罚。
遣返前风险评估 (PRRA)
在难民保护申请失败后，移民局会自动通知申请人他们有机会申请遣返前风险评估 ( PRRA)。这是个一次性的机会，但不会给有危害国家安全及严重犯罪行为的申请人。在此评估期间，申请人可以争取到一些时间留在加拿大，以期有好的结果，比如期待移民局会批准此前已做出的人道主义移民申请。但根据以往的案例，多伦多地区的评估时间为60天左右。在如此短的时间内期求变化是很困难的。另外，针对难民申请失败后提出的风险评估申请，移民局只会考虑新的证据或在难民申请时无法提供的证据。据统计，每年遣返前风险评估申请成功的机会是2% 到3%，很有点中六合彩的意思。针对要求作遣返前风险评估的申请人，移民局要求他们处于“准遣返状态”( Removal Ready)，以便评估失败后便于递解出境。申请人必须上缴护照等证件，并在毫不知情的状况下亲自来到移民局的遣返部门听侯评估的最终结果。如果评估失败，申请人会被当场预约遣返时间及航班。如果移民官认为此人有消失的可能，移民官还可以将此人拘留以限制自由。当然，失败的风险评估申请人可以提出向联邦法院提出司法复议( Judicial Review)， 如果一旦驳回，就会很快被要求离境。
在这次被要求离境的葡萄牙裔中，有很多人并没有在机场移民局的办事处报到。也就是说，他们选择了“Go Underground”, 决定在加拿大“黑”下来。这样固然可以继续以往的生活并且期待以后的大赦机会，但会有随时被捕遣返的可能。值得一提的是，多伦多的葡萄牙裔社区领袖呼吁没有身份的葡萄牙裔非法移民不要向移民局申请备案，因为这样只会加快遣返手续。
慎重选择移民顾问
要提醒的是，非法移民在争取合法身份的时候，切勿有病乱投医。以已被遣返的葡萄牙裔Ferreira一家为例，他们为了能留下，花了4000多加元请移民顾问帮他们申请难民。孰不知葡萄牙籍的人士从来就没有难民申请成功的先例，难民申请难免败诉。
加拿大政府在2004 年4 月13 日修订了移民及难民保护法，规定所有在加拿大执业的移民顾问，必须是加拿大移民顾问协会(CSIC)、加拿大一个律师公会或魁北克公证人公会且具有良好声誉的会员，才可以参与处理由加拿大公民及移民部(CIC)、移民及难民局(IRB)，以及加拿大边境服务处(CBSA)等机关管理的新个案。目前所有持有加拿大移民顾问协会(CSIC)会员编号的移民顾问都是此协会的临时会员(Transitional Membership)。 首批正式会员( Full Membership) 将会在2006年4月13日产生。这些正式会员都是通过移民顾问协会指定的英语、专业考试合格后才允许入会的。2006年4月13日后也会有一批临时会员与正式会员并存，这些临时会员都是因为没能在2006年4月13日前通过考试，而被移民协会保留资格并给予更多时间以便准备考试。但临时会员资格最多延长至2006年10月31日。另外，加拿大移民顾问协会也会在其网站上公布会员名单已便于查询监督，并建立了对移民顾问的投诉程序www.csic-scci.ca/indexE.html。
非法移民也要维护合法权益
滞留加拿大的非法移民虽然没有合法身份，但也不应该因此就不去维护自己的合法权益。当自己的人身安全、生命财产受到违法行为的侵犯时，要勇于报警。多伦多市议会正在讨论一项 “No Ask, No Answer”的议案，主要是鼓励没有合法身份的移民在自己或他人受到违法行为侵害时及时报警或作证。议案要求警方不过问报案人或证人的身份，警方也不能向移民局报告当事人的非法移民身份。
移民不管以什么途径来到加拿大，都是怀着一种希望，那就是更好地生活。这是一项基本人权，每个人都应该努力争取。（华士）
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坚定不移的贯彻国会的议案：遣返难民！ 😁 😁 😁
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坚决同意遣返，有没有人号召联名写信呀。
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其实难民最让人头疼. 占纳税人便宜也最多. ☹️
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So far, so good.
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Have tolerance! Man!
Maybe someday others could have tolerance on you!
Who knows!
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非法移民借人权要求合法居留,同性恋借人权要求合法地位和身份,聚众淫乱借自由人权,要求法律保护,吸食大麻也有合理借口,要求合法吸食,等等等,这一切都无不打着高尚的招牌,看来真正的合法良民,不是后娘养的,就是王八蛋了.不要骂我是混蛋,实在是搞不清楚:那些高举人权大旗要求这个要求哪个的都是些怎么回事.今天,保守党已经上台,总体的运作还是很好,关于要求恢复传统婚姻定义的声势,却销声匿迹,一切都处于静悄悄的状态,没有硝烟没有战火,但是大家在等什么,舆论的导向似乎没有引导公众,继续那没有完结的事项,就是要求恢复传统婚姻的定义.支持传统婚姻定义的大家是不是也可以要求自己的理念不受侵犯。
我这里提供一个网址:www.restoremarriagecanada.ca
有关内容，希望大家能查看。以下是有关内容。看看加拿大
的群众关心什么。
Thank you for signing the National Restore Marriage Petition. This petition will be presented to Parliament to encourage them to revisit the vote last year which legalized same-sex marriage in Canada and restore traditional marriage.
You can help in the effort to restore traditional marriage in Canada by encouraging others to also sign the petition. The more Canadians who show their support the more likely it is that we will succeed.
IF THIS E-MAIL WAS FORWARDED ON TO YOU it was sent by someone who has signed the National Petition to Restore Marriage in Canada. They understand how legalized same-sex marriage is undermining traditional marriage and the natural family in Canada and how it is endangering our future. They think you would also be willing to help restore marriage by also signing the petition.
You can easily sign it on line at the Restore Marriage Canada Web site at www.restoremarriagecanada.ca. It is an important thing you can do and it takes just a few minutes.
This Web site also has additional information on why it is so essential to restore traditional marriage in Canada.
Thanks for whatever you can do to help in this critical effort!
An Urgent Invitation to Help Restore Marriage in
>Canada!
>
>
>Dear Fellow Canadian:
>
>United Families Canada is launching the Restore
>Marriage Canada Project with the goal of restoring
>traditional marriage in our nation. This will not be
>easy, and we will need the help of hundreds of
>thousands of concerned Canadians like you to
>accomplish it.
>
>You are receiving this invitation to join in this
>effort because you have participated on the marriage
>issue in one or more of the projects or activities
>that United Families Canada has sponsored in recent
>years. If you do not want to receive future alerts and
>updates from us on the marriage crisis, you can easily
>“unsubscribe” from our list by clicking here, but we
>hope you will decide to join us in this effort to
>restore traditional marriage in Canada.
>
>It is essential to understand first of all that there
>is nothing more important than restoring traditional
>marriage in determining what kind of nation and
>society we will pass on to future generations of
>Canadians. Radically redefining marriage to include
>same-sex individuals undermines this vital
>institution. Throughout history, marriage between a
>man and a woman has been essential to forming strong
>families. Strong families, in turn, have always been
>the foundation of all successful societies. We ignore
>these lessons of history at our peril.
>
>With the recent election of a Conservative Government,
>we have a chance—probably our last chance--to revisit
>the legalization of same-sex “marriage” that the
>Liberal Government rammed through Parliament last year
>without holding fair, balanced, honest and adequate
>hearings to consider all of the consequences of this
>radical redefinition of this fundamental institution.
>
>As you will recall, Prime Minister Harper made
>revisiting the issue of legalization of same-sex
>“marriage” a key election issue and he has committed
>to at least bring the issue before Parliament for a
>free vote. It will not be easy for the government to
>win this vote, even though opinion polls consistently
>show that a solid majority of Canadians oppose legal
>same-sex “marriage.” One of the reasons he will have
>difficulty, of course, is that he was only able to
>form a minority government.
>
>We all have an opportunity to make a difference, to be
>heard, and to exercise our rights in a democracy. For
>the sake of our future we must do it on this issue.
>This is why it is so essential that all of us
>concerned about our future pitch in and do whatever we
>can to help. We will provide you with information and
>opportunity to be part of the process.
>
>One critical thing each of us can do to help is to
>sign the new, on-line National Restore Marriage
>Petition we will be sending to Parliament. Click here
>to go to the Restore Marriage Canada Website to sign
>it. It is essential that our MPs know that the
>majority of us still feel strongly about restoring
>marriage and receiving this petition with tens of
>thousands of signatures on it will help!
>
>The second important thing you can do is to help
>spread the word to others and encourage them to also
>get involved in this effort. You can easily do this by
>forwarding this alert on to others. Or, if you wish,
>you can use the special feature on our Web site to
>send a suggested e-mail message from you to others on
>your e-mail list.
>
>Our Restore Marriage Web site also has additional
>background information on the marriage issue and why
>it is so vital that we restore traditional marriage to
>Canada.
>
>We do not know when the Prime Minister will try to
>revisit the same–sex “marriage” issue. He has said
>only that he will do it “sooner rather than later but
>not right away.” That means we could be having this
>critical vote within the next couple of months, so we
>must act urgently!
>
>Thank you for joining us in this vital effort!
>
>Sincerely,
>
>
>Jill Cahoon
>President, United Families Canada
>
>
>--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
>Please forward this on to others!
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